Achieving that perfect green lawn is the desire of every homeowner, but it requires more than just regular lawn mowing and watering. The right lawn fertilizer can provide your grass with the essential nutrients to unlock its true potential, promote healthy grass growth, robust root systems, and resilience against weeds and pests.
However, with several options available in the market, selecting the best fertilizer for your lawn can be difficult. In this blog post, we will guide you through the process of choosing the ideal lawn fertilizer that suits your needs. From understanding the basics of lawn nutrition to considering factors such as soil type, grass species, and environmental impact, we'll equip you with the knowledge to make an informed decision.
Table of Contents:
Fertilizer Explained
What does Fertilizer do?
Lawn fertilizer plays a crucial role in nourishing and enhancing the health of your lawn. Fertilizers supply the necessary elements that may be deficient in the soil, by replenishing nutrients to ensures your grass receives the optimal nourishment it needs to thrive. Additionally, fertilizer enhances the lawn's ability to resist stressors such as extreme temperatures, pests, and diseases, while also promoting a denser, greener appearance. With proper application, lawn fertilizers contribute to a thriving and visually appealing lawn that becomes the pride of your outdoor space.
What is fertilizer made of?
Fertilizers are typically made up of a combination of organic and inorganic substances that provide essential nutrients to plants.
Organic fertilizers are derived from natural sources such as animal manure, compost, or plant residues, which break down slowly and release nutrients over time.
Inorganic fertilizers, on the other hand, are synthetically manufactured and contain concentrated forms of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. These nutrients are derived from mineral deposits and undergo chemical processes to create fertilizers with specific nutrient ratios.
In addition to the primary macronutrients, fertilizers may also contain secondary nutrients like calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, as well as trace elements such as iron, zinc, and copper, all of which contribute to healthy plant growth and development
NPK Fertilizer Numbers
NPK fertilizer numbers refer to the ratio of three essential nutrients found in fertilizers: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). These numbers, usually displayed as a sequence such as 10-10-10 or 5-10-5, represent the percentage by weight of each nutrient in the fertilizer formulation.
The first number represents the percentage of nitrogen, which promotes leaf and stem growth.
The second number represents the percentage of phosphorus, which supports root development, flowering, and fruiting.
The third number represents the percentage of potassium, which enhances overall plant health, disease resistance, and stress tolerance.
By understanding and choosing the appropriate NPK ratio for specific plants and soil conditions, gardeners and lawn care DIYers can provide targeted nutrition to optimize plant growth and productivity. A soil test is a great way to determine what NPK fertilizer number is best for your yard.
Types of Lawn Fertilizer:
Organic Fertilizer
Pros:
Environmentally Friendly: Organic fertilizers are sustainably derived and have minimal negative impacts on soil and water quality.
Soil Health Improvement: They enhance soil structure, moisture retention, and microbial activity, promoting long-term fertility.
Slow Release of Nutrients: Organic fertilizers provide a steady nutrient supply, reducing leaching and supporting sustained plant growth.
Safe for Beneficial Organisms: They support beneficial soil organisms, fostering a healthy soil ecosystem.
Long-Lasting Effects: Organic fertilizers improve soil structure and fertility, leading to lasting benefits for plant growth.
Cons:
Slow Action: Organic fertilizers take longer to show visible results compared to inorganic fertilizers.
Nutrient Variability: Their nutrient content can vary, requiring careful selection based on specific plant needs.
Bulkiness and Storage: Organic fertilizers can be bulky and require more storage space.
Potential for Weed Seeds: Some organic fertilizers may contain weed seeds, necessitating proper composting or processing.
Limited Nutrient Availability: High concentrations of specific nutrients may be lacking, requiring supplemental inorganic fertilization in some cases.
Inorganic Fertilizer (i.e. Chemical Fertilizer / Synthetic Fertilizer)
Pros:
Quick Nutrient Availability: Inorganic fertilizers provide fast and readily available nutrients, promoting rapid growth.
Precise Nutrient Control: They offer precise control over nutrient ratios, catering to specific plant and soil needs.
High Nutrient Concentration: Smaller amounts are needed due to higher nutrient concentrations, saving costs and simplifying application.
Immediate Visible Results: Inorganic fertilizers produce visible growth and color improvements quickly.
Shelf Stability: They have a longer shelf life and don't require special storage conditions.
Cons:
Environmental Impact: Improper use can cause water pollution and ecological imbalances.
Risk of Nutrient Imbalances: Incorrect use can harm plant health and cause nutrient imbalances.
Limited Soil Health Benefits: Inorganic fertilizers don't improve soil structure or long-term fertility.
Dependency on External Inputs: Continuous use may create reliance on external nutrients rather than natural soil access.
Risk of Chemical Burn: Improper application can burn plant roots and tissues.
Fertilizer Forms
Fertilizers come in various forms, each with its own advantages and considerations. Here is a breakdown of different fertilizer forms:
Granular Fertilizer: Granular fertilizers are solid, uniform-sized particles that are convenient to handle, store, and apply. They slowly release nutrients as they dissolve in soil moisture, providing a controlled and consistent feeding of plants over time.
Liquid Fertilizer: Liquid fertilizers are nutrient solutions applied directly to plants for quick absorption, ideal for foliar feeding and addressing nutrient deficiencies or providing an immediate nutrient boost.
Slow-Release Fertilizer: Slow-release fertilizers gradually release nutrients over time by incorporating controlled-release technology, adjusting nutrient release based on temperature and moisture levels. This ensures a steady and consistent nutrient supply, reducing the need for frequent application and minimizing the risk of over-fertilization.
When selecting a fertilizer form, consider factors such as the specific nutrient requirements of your plants, the desired release rate, ease of application, and environmental considerations. A combination of different fertilizer forms can be used strategically to meet the specific needs of your garden or lawn.
DIY Fertilizer
There are several simple and natural ingredients you can use to make your own fertilizer at home. One popular option is compost, which is made from decomposed organic matter like kitchen scraps, yard waste, and leaves. Compost is rich in nutrients and beneficial microorganisms that improve soil health and provide slow-release nourishment to plants. Using a DIY fertilizer provides an affordable way to customize the nutrient content your lawn needs for a sustainable way to give your plants the boost they need for healthy growth and vitality.
Buying Fertilizer:
Fertilizer Prices
You may be asking, why is fertilizer so expensive? The price range for lawn fertilizer can vary depending on several factors, including the type of fertilizer, brand, nutrient content, packaging size, and quality. Here is a general overview of the price range you can expect:
Inorganic Fertilizer: Inorganic fertilizers, often synthetic, on average, can start from around $10 to $20 per bag for a basic, general-purpose inorganic fertilizer. However, specialized or branded inorganic fertilizers with enhanced features or specific nutrient ratios can cost upwards of $30 to $50 per bag or more.
Organic Fertilizers: Organic fertilizers, tend to be slightly more expensive. Starting at around $15 to $30 per bag, depending on the brand, nutrient content, and quality. Premium organic fertilizers or specialized formulations may have higher price points, ranging from $30 to $50 or more per bag.
Liquid Fertilizers: Liquid fertilizers are often sold in concentrated forms. Prices for liquid fertilizers typically range from $10 to $30 or more per bottle or container, depending on the size and concentration.
Typically, larger packaging sizes often offer better value for money compared to smaller packages. It's recommended to compare prices, consider the specific nutrient needs of your lawn, and read product reviews to find the best-priced fertilizer that meets your requirements.
Fertilizer Spreading & Application:
Lawn fertilizer schedule
You may be wondering when to fertilize lawn. The schedule will depend on the type of grass, climate, soil conditions, and specific fertilizer used. In general, it is recommended to fertilize cool-season grasses in early spring and fall when they are actively growing. While, warm-season grasses benefit from fertilization during their peak growth season, typically in late spring or early summer.
Typically, a schedule may involve applying fertilizer every 6-8 weeks during the growing season, reducing or skipping applications during periods of dormancy or hot weather. Additionally, it is essential to water the lawn after fertilization to ensure proper nutrient absorption and prevent burning. Regular monitoring of the lawn's health and adjusting the schedule as needed will help maintain a lush and healthy lawn throughout the year.
Fall Lawn Fertilizer
Fall lawn fertilizer is crucial for winter preparation and spring lawn health. It provides essential nutrients, strengthens roots, improves winter hardiness, and promotes early spring growth. These fertilizers contain higher potassium levels for root development and disease resistance. Applying the fertilizer 4-6 weeks before the first frost allows for nutrient absorption and energy reserve buildup. Timely fall fertilization leads to a thicker, greener lawn in spring and improved resilience against cold, foot traffic, and snow.
Summer Lawn Fertilizer
Summer lawn fertilizer provides essential nutrients for optimal growth during warmer months. It includes a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients. Nitrogen promotes leaf health, phosphorus aids root development, and potassium enhances stress tolerance and overall strength. Applying this fertilizer during the active growing season sustains vibrant green color, improves drought tolerance, and boosts heat and traffic resistance. Following manufacturer instructions prevents fertilizer burn and ensures proper nutrient absorption. With regular watering and maintenance, summer fertilizer fosters a lush and resilient lawn.
Spring Lawn Fertilizer
Spring lawn fertilizer jumpstarts growth and vitality after winter dormancy. It has higher nitrogen for lush foliage and top growth, phosphorus for root development, and potassium for plant health. Applying it when soil temperature is suitable promotes rapid greening and strengthens the lawn. Following manufacturer instructions prevents over-fertilization. Timely application revitalizes the lawn, stimulates new growth, and sets the stage for a beautiful yard all year.
Winter Lawn Fertilizer
Winter lawn fertilizer fortifies and strengthens the dormant lawn. It has a higher potassium ratio for cold resistance, disease prevention, and stress tolerance. Applying it before winter allows nutrient absorption and storage, supporting lawn health during dormancy. This fertilizer promotes root development and aids in quick spring recovery. Following manufacturer instructions for timing and rates is crucial. Winter fertilizer maintains a healthier lawn and contributes to robust spring growth.
Lawn Fertilizer Spreader
A lawn fertilizer spreader is an essential tool for evenly distributing fertilizer across your lawn. These devices come in various types, including broadcast spreaders and drop spreaders.
Broadcast spreaders are commonly used for larger areas, as they distribute fertilizer in a wide pattern, covering a larger swath of grass with each pass. They are efficient and ideal for quick and uniform application.
Drop spreaders, on the other hand, are better suited for precise and controlled application. They release fertilizer directly onto the lawn in a controlled manner, making them suitable for smaller areas, tight spaces, or when you want to avoid overspreading onto non-target areas.
A lawn fertilizer spreader will save time and effort by ensuring even coverage and preventing the risk of over- or under-application. It is important to calibrate the spreader according to the fertilizer type and application rate specified on the product packaging to achieve optimal results.
Summary
Choosing the best lawn fertilizer is crucial for promoting a healthy and vibrant lawn. To make an informed decision, consider the type of fertilizer that aligns with your preferences and lawn care goals, look for a balanced nutrient ratio and consider the release mechanism, formulation, and specific requirements of your grass type, climate, and soil conditions. Additionally, compare prices and read reviews to find a high-quality fertilizer within your budget. By considering these factors, you can choose the best lawn fertilizer that provides the necessary nutrients for your lawn's optimal growth and overall well-being.